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Calculus (disambiguation)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Calculus (from Latin calculus meaning ‘pebble’, plural calculī) in its most general sense is any method or system of calculation.

Calculus may refer to:

Biology

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Medicine

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Mathematics

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Logic

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  • Logical calculus, a formal system that defines a language and rules to derive an expression from premises
  • Calculus of relations, the manipulation of binary relations with the algebra of sets, composition of relations, and transpose relations
  • Epsilon calculus, a logical language which replaces quantifiers with the epsilon operator
  • Fitch-style calculus, a method for constructing formal proofs used in first-order logic
  • Modal μ-calculus, a common temporal logic used by formal verification methods such as model checking

Physics

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Formal language

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  • Lambda calculus, a formulation of the theory of reflexive functions that has deep connections to computational theory
    • Kappa calculus, a reformulation of the first-order fragment of typed lambda calculus
    • Rho calculus, introduced as a general means to uniformly integrate rewriting into lambda calculus
  • Process calculus, a set of approaches to formulating formal models of concurrent systems
    • Ambient calculus, a family of models for concurrent systems based on the concept of agent mobility
    • Join calculus, a theoretical model for the design of distributed programming languages
    • π-calculus, a formulation of the theory of concurrent, communicating processes
  • Relational calculus, a calculus for the relational data model
  • Refinement calculus, a way of refining models of programs into efficient programs

Other meanings

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See also

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