United States congressional delegations from Connecticut
Since Connecticut became a U.S. state in 1788,[1] it has sent congressional delegations to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives, beginning with the 1st United States Congress in 1789.[2] Each state elects two senators to serve for six years in general elections, with their re-election staggered. Prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were elected by the Connecticut General Assembly.[3] Each state elects varying numbers of members of the House, depending on population, to two-year terms.[4] Connecticut has sent five members to the House in each congressional delegation since the 2000 United States Census.[5]
A total of 292 unique individuals have represented Connecticut in Congress; Connecticut has had 57 senators and 259 representatives, and 24 have served in both the House and the Senate. Nine women from Connecticut have served in the House, the first being Clare Booth Luce,[6] while none have served in the Senate.[7] Two African-Americans from Connecticut, Gary Franks and Jahana Hayes, have served in the House.[8]
The current dean, or longest serving member, of the Connecticut delegation is Representative Rosa DeLauro of the 3rd district, who has served in the House since 1991. She is the longest-serving House member in Connecticut history, and the second longest-serving member of Congress from Connecticut, behind Chris Dodd, who served 36 years combined in the House and Senate.[9] Dodd is also Connecticut's longest-serving senator.[10]
Current delegation
[edit]Connecticut
|
Class I senator | Class III senator | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
.jpg) Chris Murphy (Junior senator) (Hartford) |
.jpg) Richard Blumenthal (Senior senator) (Greenwich) | |||
| Party | Democratic | Democratic | ||
| Incumbent since | January 3, 2013 | January 3, 2011 |
Connecticut's current congressional delegation in the 118th Congress consists of its two senators and its five representatives, all of whom are Democrats.[12] Connecticut has not had a Republican member of Congress for more than a decade,[13] since Republican representative Chris Shays lost his race against Democrat Jim Himes in the state's 4th congressional district in 2008.[14]
The current dean, or longest serving member, of the Connecticut delegation is Representative Rosa DeLauro of the 3rd district, who has served in the House since 1991. She is the longest-serving House member in Connecticut history, and the second longest-serving member of Congress from Connecticut, behind Chris Dodd, who served 36 years in total.[9]
As of August 2023, the Cook Partisan Voting Index, a determination of how strongly partisan a state is,[15] ranked all districts and senate races in Connecticut as solidly Democratic, except for the 5th House district, currently represented by Jahana Hayes, which was ranked as leaning Republican.[14]
| District | Member (Residence)[16] |
Party | Incumbent since | CPVI (2022)[17] |
District map |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st |  John B. Larson (East Hartford) |
Democratic | January 3, 1999 | D+12 | .svg)
|
| 2nd | .jpg) Joe Courtney (Vernon) |
Democratic | January 3, 2007 | D+3 | .svg)
|
| 3rd |  Rosa DeLauro (New Haven) |
Democratic | January 3, 1991 | D+7 | .svg)
|
| 4th |  Jim Himes (Cos Cob) |
Democratic | January 3, 2009 | D+13 | .svg)
|
| 5th |  Jahana Hayes (Wolcott) |
Democratic | January 3, 2019 | D+3 | .svg)
|
United States Senate
[edit]Senators Oliver Ellsworth, William S. Johnson, and Roger Sherman were Founding Fathers.[18] Ellsworth helped write the Judiciary Act of 1789, and later served as Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court.[19] Uriah Tracy served as president pro tempore of the Senate from May 1800 to November 1800, James Hillhouse served as president pro tempore from February 1801 to December 1801, Lafayette Sabine Foster served as president pro tempore from March 1865 to March 1867, and Frank Brandegee served as president pro tempore from May 1912 to March 1913.[20] Senator Orville Platt, along with Nelson Aldrich, William Allison, and John Coit Spooner, formed "The Senate Four", a group of powerful legislators who controlled much of the Senate's operations.[21] Platt also helped draft the Platt Amendment.[22] Senator Joseph Lieberman was the Democratic nominee for vice president in 2000.[23][24]
Senators are elected every six years depending on their class, with each senator serving a six-year term, and elections for senators occurring every two years, rotating through each class such that each election, around one-third of the seats in the Senate are up for election.[25] Connecticut's senators are elected in classes I and III.[26] Currently, Connecticut is represented in the Senate by Richard Blumenthal and Chris Murphy.[27]
.jpg)
Connecticut for Lieberman (CfL) Democratic (D) Democratic-Republican (DR) Federalist (F) Free Soil (FS) Jacksonian (J) Liberal Republican (LR) National Republican (NR) Opposition (O) Pro-Administration (PA) Republican (R) Whig (W)
| Class I senator | Congress | Class III senator | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oliver Ellsworth (PA) | 1st (1789–1791) | William Samuel Johnson (PA)[a] | ||
| 2nd (1791–1793) | ||||
| Roger Sherman (PA)[b] | ||||
| 3rd (1793–1795) | ||||
| Stephen Mix Mitchell (PA) | ||||
| Oliver Ellsworth (F)[c] | 4th (1795–1797) | Jonathan Trumbull Jr. (F)[d] | ||
| James Hillhouse (F)[e] | Uriah Tracy (F)[f] | |||
| 5th (1797–1799) | ||||
| 6th (1799–1801) | ||||
| 7th (1801–1803) | ||||
| 8th (1803–1805) | ||||
| 9th (1805–1807) | ||||
| 10th (1807–1809) | ||||
| Chauncey Goodrich (F)[g] | ||||
| 11th (1809–1811) | ||||
| Samuel W. Dana (F) | ||||
| 12th (1811–1813) | ||||
| 13th (1813–1815) | ||||
| David Daggett (F) | ||||
| 14th (1815–1817) | ||||
| 15th (1817–1819) | ||||
| 16th (1819–1821) | James Lanman (DR) | |||
| Elijah Boardman (DR)[h] | 17th (1821–1823) | |||
| 18th (1823–1825) | ||||
| Henry W. Edwards (DR) | ||||
| Henry W. Edwards (J) | 19th (1825–1827) | Calvin Willey (NR) | ||
| Samuel A. Foot (NR) | 20th (1827–1829) | |||
| 21st (1829–1831) | ||||
| 22nd (1831–1833) | Gideon Tomlinson (NR) | |||
| Nathan Smith (NR)[i] | 23rd (1833–1835) | |||
| 24th (1835–1837) | ||||
| John Milton Niles (J) | ||||
| John Milton Niles (D) | 25th (1837–1839) | Perry Smith (D) | ||
| Thaddeus Betts (W)[j] | 26th (1839–1841) | |||
| Jabez W. Huntington (W)[k] | ||||
| 27th (1841–1843) | ||||
| 28th (1843–1845) | John Milton Niles (D) | |||
| 29th (1845–1847) | ||||
| 30th (1847–1849) | ||||
| Roger Sherman Baldwin (W) | ||||
| 31st (1849–1851) | Truman Smith (W)[l] | |||
| Isaac Toucey (D) | 32nd (1851–1853) | |||
| 33rd (1853–1855) | ||||
| Francis Gillette (FS) | ||||
| 34th (1855–1857) | Lafayette S. Foster (O) | |||
| James Dixon (R) | 35th (1857–1859) | |||
| 36th (1859–1861) | ||||
| 37th (1861–1863) | Lafayette S. Foster (R) | |||
| 38th (1863–1865) | ||||
| 39th (1865–1867) | ||||
| 40th (1867–1869) | Orris S. Ferry (R) | |||
| William A. Buckingham (R)[m] |
41st (1869–1871) | |||
| 42nd (1871–1873) | ||||
| 43rd (1873–1875) | Orris S. Ferry (LR) | |||
| William W. Eaton (D) | ||||
| 44th (1875–1877) | Orris S. Ferry (R) | |||
| James E. English (D) | ||||
| William Barnum (D) | ||||
| 45th (1877–1879) | ||||
| 46th (1879–1881) | Orville H. Platt (R)[n] | |||
| Joseph R. Hawley (R) | 47th (1881–1883) | |||
| 48th (1883–1885) | ||||
| 49th (1885–1887) | ||||
| 50th (1887–1889) | ||||
| 51st (1889–1891) | ||||
| 52nd (1891–1893) | ||||
| 53rd (1893–1895) | ||||
| 54th (1895–1897) | ||||
| 55th (1897–1899) | ||||
| 56th (1899–1901) | ||||
| 57th (1901–1903) | ||||
| 58th (1903–1905) | ||||
| Morgan Bulkeley (R) | 59th (1905–1907) | Frank B. Brandegee (R)[o] | ||
| 60th (1907–1909) | ||||
| 61st (1909–1911) | ||||
| George P. McLean (R) | 62nd (1911–1913) | |||
| 63rd (1913–1915) | ||||
| 64th (1915–1917) | ||||
| 65th (1917–1919) | ||||
| 66th (1919–1921) | ||||
| 67th (1921–1923) | ||||
| 68th (1923–1925) | ||||
| Hiram Bingham III (R) | ||||
| 69th (1925–1927) | ||||
| 70th (1927–1929) | ||||
| Frederic C. Walcott (R) | 71st (1929–1931) | |||
| 72nd (1931–1933) | ||||
| 73rd (1933–1935) | Augustine Lonergan (D) | |||
| Francis T. Maloney (D)[p] | 74th (1935–1937) | |||
| 75th (1937–1939) | ||||
| 76th (1939–1941) | John A. Danaher (R) | |||
| 77th (1941–1943) | ||||
| 78th (1943–1945) | ||||
| 79th (1945–1947) | Brien McMahon (D)[q] | |||
| Thomas C. Hart (R) | ||||
| Raymond E. Baldwin (R)[r] | ||||
| 80th (1947–1949) | ||||
| 81st (1949–1951) | ||||
| William Benton (D) | ||||
| 82nd (1951–1953) | ||||
| William A. Purtell (R) | ||||
| Prescott Bush (R) | ||||
| William A. Purtell (R) | 83rd (1953–1955) | |||
| 84th (1955–1957) | ||||
| 85th (1957–1959) | ||||
| Thomas J. Dodd (D) | 86th (1959–1961) | |||
| 87th (1961–1963) | ||||
| 88th (1963–1965) | Abraham Ribicoff (D) | |||
| 89th (1965–1967) | ||||
| 90th (1967–1969) | ||||
| 91st (1969–1971) | ||||
| Lowell Weicker (R) | 92nd (1971–1973) | |||
| 93rd (1973–1975) | ||||
| 94th (1975–1977) | ||||
| 95th (1977–1979) | ||||
| 96th (1979–1981) | ||||
| 97th (1981–1983) | Chris Dodd (D) | |||
| 98th (1983–1985) | ||||
| 99th (1985–1987) | ||||
| 100th (1987–1989) | ||||
| Joe Lieberman (D) | 101st (1989–1991) | |||
| 102nd (1991–1993) | ||||
| 103rd (1993–1995) | ||||
| 104th (1995–1997) | ||||
| 105th (1997–1999) | ||||
| 106th (1999–2001) | ||||
| 107th (2001–2003) | ||||
| 108th (2003–2005) | ||||
| 109th (2005–2007) | ||||
| Joe Lieberman (CfL) | 110th (2007–2009) | |||
| 111th (2009–2011) | ||||
| 112th (2011–2013) | Richard Blumenthal (D) | |||
| Chris Murphy (D) | 113th (2013–2015) | |||
| 114th (2015–2017) | ||||
| 115th (2017–2019) | ||||
| 116th (2019–2021) | ||||
| 117th (2021–2023) | ||||
| 117th (2023–2025) | ||||
United States House of Representatives
[edit]John Q. Tilson served as the House Majority Leader for the Republican party from 1925 to 1931.[50] Barbara Kennelly was the first woman to become the Democratic chief deputy whip. Ella T. Grasso later became the first female governor elected in the United States.[6]
From 1789 to 1837, representatives from Connecticut were elected from Connecticut's at-large congressional district, which was subsequently replaced with Connecticut's congressional districts.[51] Connecticut has sent five members to the House in each congressional delegation since the 2000 United States Census.[5] One member of the House of Representatives is sent from each district via a popular vote.[52] Districts are redrawn every ten years, after data from the US Census is collected.[53]
.jpg)
1789–1793: 5 seats
[edit]Connecticut was granted five seats in the House until the first US census in 1790.
Pro-Administration (PA)
| Congress | Elected statewide on a general ticket from Connecticut's at-large district | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st seat | 2nd seat | 3rd seat | 4th seat | 5th seat | |
| 1st (1789–1791) | Benjamin Huntington (PA) | Roger Sherman (PA) | Jonathan Sturges (PA) |
Jonathan Trumbull Jr. (PA) |
Jeremiah Wadsworth (PA) |
| 2nd (1791–1793) | James Hillhouse (PA) | Amasa Learned (PA) | |||
1793–1823: 7 seats
[edit]Following the 1790 census, Connecticut was apportioned seven seats.
Democratic-Republican (DR) Federalist (F) Pro-Administration (PA)
1823–1843: 6 seats
[edit]Following the 1820 census, Connecticut was apportioned six seats.
Democratic (D) Democratic-Republican (DR) Jacksonian (J) National Republican (NR) Whig (W)
1843–1903: 4 seats
[edit]Following the 1840 census, Connecticut was apportioned four seats.
Democratic (D) Free Soil (FS) Know Nothing (KN) Republican (R) Whig (W)
1903–1933: 5 seats
[edit]Following the 1900 census, Connecticut was apportioned five seats. The fifth seat was established at-large from 1901[75] to 1911, when it was converted into a fifth district via a redistricting plan.[76]
Democratic (D) Republican (R)
| Congress | 1st district | 2nd district | 3rd district | 4th district | At-large |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 58th (1903–1905) | E. Stevens Henry (R) | Nehemiah D. Sperry (R) |
Frank B. Brandegee (R)[ao] |
Ebenezer J. Hill (R) | George L. Lilley (R)[ap] |
| 59th (1905–1907) | |||||
| Edwin W. Higgins (R) | |||||
| 60th (1907–1909) | |||||
| 61st (1909–1911) | John Q. Tilson (R) | ||||
| 62nd (1911–1913) | Thomas L. Reilly (D) | ||||
| 63rd (1913–1915) | Augustine Lonergan (D) | Bryan F. Mahan (D) | Thomas L. Reilly (D) | Jeremiah Donovan (D) |
5th district |
| William Kennedy (D) | |||||
| 64th (1915–1917) | P. Davis Oakey (R) | Richard P. Freeman (R) |
John Q. Tilson (R)[aq] | Ebenezer J. Hill (R) | James P. Glynn (R) |
| 65th (1917–1919) | Augustine Lonergan (D) | ||||
| Schuyler Merritt (R) | |||||
| 66th (1919–1921) | |||||
| 67th (1921–1923) | E. Hart Fenn (R) | ||||
| 68th (1923–1925) | Patrick B. O'Sullivan (D) | ||||
| 69th (1925–1927) | James P. Glynn (R)[ar] | ||||
| 70th (1927–1929) | |||||
| 71st (1929–1931) | |||||
| Edward W. Goss (R) | |||||
| 72nd (1931–1933) | Augustine Lonergan (D) | William L. Tierney (D) |
1933–2003: 6 seats
[edit]Following the 1930 census, Connecticut was apportioned six seats. The sixth seat was established at-large from 1931[81] to 1964, when it was converted into a sixth district via a reapportioning plan.[82]
Democratic (D) Republican (R)
2003–present: 5 seats
[edit]Following the 2000 census, Connecticut was apportioned five seats.
Democratic (D) Republican (R)
| Congress | 1st district | 2nd district | 3rd district | 4th district | 5th district |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 108th (2003–2005) | John B. Larson (D) | Rob Simmons (R) | Rosa DeLauro (D) | Chris Shays (R) | Nancy Johnson (R) |
| 109th (2005–2007) | |||||
| 110th (2007–2009) | Joe Courtney (D) | Chris Murphy (D) | |||
| 111th (2009–2011) | Jim Himes (D) | ||||
| 112th (2011–2013) | |||||
| 113th (2013–2015) | Elizabeth Esty (D) | ||||
| 114th (2015–2017) | |||||
| 115th (2017–2019) | |||||
| 116th (2019–2021) | Jahana Hayes (D) | ||||
| 117th (2021–2023) | |||||
| 118th (2023–2025) |
See also
[edit]
- List of United States congressional districts
- Connecticut's congressional districts
- Political party strength in Connecticut
Notes
[edit]- ^ Senator Johnson resigned after Congress moved to Philadelphia, as he wished to continue being the president of Columbia University.[33]
- ^ Senator Sherman died while in office.[34]
- ^ Senator Ellsworth resigned from the Senate to become the chief justice of the United States.[35]
- ^ Senator Trumbull Jr. resigned to serve as the lieutenant governor of Connecticut under Oliver Wolcott.[36]
- ^ Senator Hillhouse resigned to manage the Connecticut School Fund.[37]
- ^ Senator Tracy died while in office.[38]
- ^ Senator Goodrich resigned to become the lieutenant governor of Connecticut.[39]
- ^ Senator Boardman died while in office.[40]
- ^ Senator Smith died while in office.[41]
- ^ Senator Betts died while in office.[42]
- ^ Senator Huntington died while in office.[43]
- ^ Senator Truman Smith resigned.[44]
- ^ Senator Buckingham died while in office.[45]
- ^ Senator Platt died while in office.[46]
- ^ Senator Brandegee died while in office.[47]
- ^ Senator Maloney died while in office.[48]
- ^ Senator McMahon died while in office.[29]
- ^ Senator Baldwin resigned to become a justice of the Connecticut Supreme Court.[49]
- ^ Representative Coit died in office.[55]
- ^ Representative Griswold resigned.[56]
- ^ Representative Tracy resigned to become a member of the Senate.[38]
- ^ Representative James Davenport died while in office.[57]
- ^ Representative Dana resigned to become a member of the Senate.[58]
- ^ Representative Brace resigned.[59]
- ^ Goldrich resigned to become the customs collector of New Haven, which John Adams had promoted him to; he was later removed by Thomas Jefferson.[60]
- ^ Representative John Cotton Smith resigned.[61]
- ^ Representative Goddard resigned.[62]
- ^ Representatives Holmes resigned.[63]
- ^ a b c d e f Supported the Adams-Clay ticket in the 1824 United States presidential election.
- ^ Representative Ellsworth resigned.[64]
- ^ Representative Storrs resigned to become an associate judge of the Connecticut Supreme Court.[65]
- ^ Representative Foot resigned to become the governor of Connecticut.[66]
- ^ Representative Wildman died while in office.[67]
- ^ Representative Judson resigned to become a justice of the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut.[68]
- ^ Representative Ferry died while in office.[69]
- ^ Representative Starkweather died while in office.[70]
- ^ Representative Barnum resigned to become a member of the Senate.[71]
- ^ Representative Strong died while in office.[72]
- ^ Representative Russell died while in office.[73]
- ^ Representative Hill died while in office.[74]
- ^ Representative Brandegee resigned to become a member of the Senate.[77]
- ^ Representative Lilley resigned to become the governor of Connecticut.[78]
- ^ Representative Tilson resigned.[79]
- ^ Representative Glynn died while in office.[80]
- ^ Representative Smith resigned to become a judge of the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut.[83]
- ^ Representative St. Onge died while in office.[84]
- ^ Representative Cotter died while in office.[85]
- ^ Representative McKinney died while in office.[86]
References
[edit]- ^ "Connecticut 235th Anniversary of Statehood (1788): January 9, 2023". Census.gov. United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 11, 2024. Retrieved April 12, 2024.
- ^ Biographical directory of the United States Congress, 1774-2005: the Continental Congress, September 5, 1774, to October 21, 1788, and the Congress of the United States, from the First through the One Hundred Eighth Congresses, March 4, 1789, to January 3, 2005, inclusive (PDF). Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office. 2005. p. 54. ISBN 0-16-073176-3. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 5, 2024. Retrieved April 12, 2024.
- ^ "17th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Direct Election of U.S. Senators (1913) | National Archives". National Archives. U.S. National Archives and Records Administration. September 15, 2021. Archived from the original on April 8, 2024. Retrieved April 13, 2024.
- ^ "Congressional elections and midterm elections | USAGov". USAgov. Archived from the original on April 6, 2024. Retrieved April 12, 2024.
- ^ a b Pazniokas, Mark (December 8, 2021). "CT's contorted congressional map to get tweaks, not overhaul". CT Mirror. The Connecticut News Project. Archived from the original on December 3, 2023. Retrieved April 13, 2024.
- ^ a b Kuznitz, Alison (July 26, 2016). "Groundbreaking woman politicians throughout Connecticut history". Connecticut Post. Hearst Media Services Connecticut. Archived from the original on October 18, 2021. Retrieved April 12, 2024.
- ^ "Connecticut - Center for American Women and Politics". Rutgers New-Brunswick Eagleton Institute of Politics. Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey. Archived from the original on May 26, 2024. Retrieved April 13, 2024.
- ^ "African American Members of the U.S. Congress: 1870-2020". Congressional Research Service. December 15, 2020.
- ^ a b Putterman, Alex (March 7, 2024). "Who is Rosa DeLauro? 5 things to know about the CT congresswoman". CT Insider. Hearst Media Services Connecticut. Archived from the original on March 21, 2024. Retrieved April 12, 2024.
- ^ Keck, Kristi (January 6, 2010). "Recent controversies overshadow Chris Dodd's career - CNN.com". CNN. Cable News Network. Archived from the original on March 23, 2021. Retrieved April 13, 2024.
- ^ "2022 Cook PVI: State Map and List". Cook Political Report. July 12, 2022. Archived from the original on July 13, 2022. Retrieved January 5, 2023.
- ^ "Connecticut Congressional Representation". Connecticut General Assembly. Archived from the original on April 8, 2024. Retrieved April 12, 2024.
- ^ Haigh, Susan (November 4, 2020). "Connecticut Democrats complete sweep of US House races". AP News. The Associated Press. Archived from the original on November 24, 2023. Retrieved April 12, 2024.
- ^ a b c Moritz, John (August 15, 2023). "Who's in and who's out: Connecticut's congressional delegation reveal re-election plans". CT Insider. Hearst Media Services Connecticut. Archived from the original on August 28, 2023. Retrieved April 13, 2024.
- ^ Paul, Megan; Zhang, Ruya; Liu, Bian; Saadai, Payam; Coakley, Brian A. (January 2022). "State-level political partisanship strongly correlates with health outcomes for US children". European Journal of Pediatrics. 181 (1): 273–280. doi:10.1007/s00431-021-04203-y. PMID 34272984. Archived from the original on November 20, 2023. Retrieved April 13, 2024.
- ^ "Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives". clerk.house.gov. Retrieved January 6, 2022.
- ^ "2022 Cook PVI: District Map and List". Cook Political Report. July 12, 2022. Retrieved January 5, 2023.
- ^ "Meet the Framers of the Constitution | National Archives". National Archives. U.S. National Archives and Records Administration. November 2, 2015. Archived from the original on August 27, 2017. Retrieved April 12, 2024.
- ^ "Oliver Ellsworth". Oyez. Archived from the original on September 21, 2012. Retrieved April 12, 2024.
- ^ The President Pro Tempore of the Senate: History and Authority of the Office (Report). Congressional Research Office. September 16, 2015. pp. 15–21. Archived from the original on March 1, 2024. Retrieved April 12, 2024.
- ^ "U.S. Senate: The Senate Four". United States Senate. Archived from the original on January 19, 2024. Retrieved April 12, 2024.
- ^ a b Cummins, Lejeune (1967). "The Formulation of the "Platt" Amendment". The Americas. 23 (4): 370–389. doi:10.2307/980495. ISSN 0003-1615. JSTOR 980495. Retrieved April 12, 2024.
- ^ Seelye, Katharine Q. (August 8, 2000). "The 2000 Campaign: The Vice President; Lieberman Will Run With Gore; First Jew on a Major U.S. Ticket". The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 6, 2014. Retrieved April 12, 2024.
- ^ "CT - Connecticut". United States Senate. Archived from the original on September 28, 2018. Retrieved April 12, 2024.
- ^ "U.S. Senate: About the Senate and the Constitution". United States Senate. Archived from the original on December 4, 2022. Retrieved April 12, 2024.
- ^ "U.S. Senate: States in the Senate | Connecticut Senators". United States Senate. Archived from the original on April 30, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
- ^ "Who are our United States Senators? | Town of Cromwell CT". Town of Cromwell, Connecticut. Archived from the original on February 10, 2017. Retrieved April 12, 2024.
- ^ "U.S. Senate: Senator Ellsworth's Judiciary Act". United States Senate. Archived from the original on February 3, 2024. Retrieved April 13, 2024.
- ^ a b "On This Day In 1952: Conn. Sen. McMahon Declares For President". National Public Radio. May 1, 2009. Archived from the original on July 11, 2024. Retrieved April 13, 2024.
He died in office in 1952.
- ^ Cohen, David (March 27, 2024). "Joe Lieberman, 2000 vice presidential nominee, dies at 82". Politico. Archived from the original on March 27, 2024. Retrieved April 13, 2024.
- ^ "Dodd announces 2008 presidential bid". NBC News. NBC Universal. The Associated Press. January 10, 2007. Archived from the original on June 30, 2021. Retrieved April 13, 2024.
- ^ "States in the Senate | Connecticut Senators". United States Senate. Archived from the original on April 30, 2024. Retrieved April 13, 2024.
- ^ "William Samuel Johnson Papers". Connecticut Historical Society Museum and Library. Connecticut Historical Society. Archived from the original on August 4, 2020. Retrieved April 14, 2024.
- ^ Glass, Andrew (July 23, 2013). "Roger Sherman, signer of Declaration, died at 72, July 23, 1793". Politico. Archived from the original on July 11, 2024. Retrieved April 13, 2024.
- ^ "To George Washington from Oliver Ellsworth, 6 March 1797". Founders Online. National Historical Publications & Records Commission. Archived from the original on September 11, 2021. Retrieved April 14, 2024.
- ^ "Jonathan Trumbull, Jr. Papers". Connecticut Historical Society Museum and Library. Connecticut Historical Society. Archived from the original on July 11, 2024. Retrieved April 14, 2024.
- ^ Schiff, Judith Ann (October 2001). "James Hillhouse". Yale Alumni Magazine. Yale Alumni Publications. Archived from the original on February 18, 2024. Retrieved April 14, 2024.
- ^ a b "Tracy, Uriah". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Archived from the original on September 27, 2023. Retrieved April 13, 2024.
- ^ Buckley, William E.; Goddard, C.; Sherman, R. M.; Goodrich, Chauncey (April 1930). "Letters of Connecticut Federalists 1814-1815". The New England Quarterly. 3 (2): 316. doi:10.2307/359700. JSTOR 359700. Retrieved April 14, 2024.
...Chauncey Goodrich, who had resigned to become lieutenant-governor of the state.
- ^ "Boardman, Elijah". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Archived from the original on November 7, 2023. Retrieved April 13, 2024.
- ^ "Smith, Nathan". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Archived from the original on June 11, 2023. Retrieved April 13, 2024.
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