1776 in science

	… 1766; 1767; 1768; 1769; 1770; 1771; 1772; ; 1773; 1774; 1775; 1776; 1777; 1778; 1779; ; 1780; 1781; 1782; 1783; 1784; 1785; 1786 …;
	Art; Archaeology; Architecture; Literature; Music; Philosophy; Science; +...

The year 1776 in science and technology involved some significant events.

Astronomy

William Withering publishes The Botanical Arrangement of all the Vegetables Naturally Growing in Great Britain, the first flora in English based on Linnaean taxonomy.

James Keir begins publication of A Dictionary of Chemistry in London, a translation into English of Pierre Macquer's Dictionnaire de chymie (1766).

July 12 – Captain James Cook sets off from Plymouth, England, in HMS Resolution on his third voyage, to the Pacific Ocean and the Arctic.

James Keir suggests that some rocks, such as those at the Giant's Causeway, might have been formed by the crystallisation of molten lava.

November 30 – Sir John Pringle presents "A discourse upon some late improvements of the means for preserving the health of mariners" to the Royal Society of London, commending and publicising Captain Cook's methods for prevention of scurvy at sea.
Publication of observations of epidemic diseases in Normandy, based on Hippocrates' table of epidemics by Louis Lépecq de La Clôture.^[2]

February 4 – Gottfried Reinhold Treviranus, German naturalist (died 1837)
February 14 – Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck, German botanist (died 1858)
March 27 – Charles-François Brisseau de Mirbel, French botanist and politician (died 1854)
April 1 – Sophie Germain, French mathematician (died 1831)
May 17 – Amos Eaton, American naturalist and pioneer of science education (died 1842)
June 1 – Giuseppe Zamboni, Italian Catholic priest and physicist (died 1846)
June 12 – Karl Friedrich Burdach, German physiologist (died 1847)
July 16
- Ludwig Heinrich Bojanus, German physician and naturalist (died 1827)
- Johann Georg von Soldner, German physicist (died 1833)
July 22 – Etheldred Benett, English geologist (died 1845)
July 26 – Pierre Fouquier, French physician (died 1850)
August 2 – Friedrich Stromeyer, German chemist, discoverer of cadmium (died 1835)
August 6 – Amedeo Avogadro, Piedmontese chemist (died 1856)
October 4 – Mariano Lagasca, Spanish botanist (died 1839)
October 13 – Peter Barlow, English mathematician (died 1862)
November 14 – Henri Dutrochet, French physician (died 1847)
November 18 - Mauro Ruscóni, Italian physician and zoologist (died 1849)^[5]
December 3 – Nicolas Charles Seringe, French physician and botanist (died 1858)
December 31 – Johann Spurzheim, German physician (died 1832)^[6]

^ Trimble, Virginia; Williams, Thomas R.; Bracher, Katherine; Jarrell, Richard; Marché, Jordan D.; Ragep, F. Jamil (2007). Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 667. ISBN 9780387304007.
^ Lépecq de La Clôture, Louis (1776). Observations sur les maladies épidémiques , ouvrage rédigé d'après le tableau des épidémiques d'Hippocrate, et dans lequel on indique la meilleure méthode d'observer ce genre de maladies (in French). Paris: Vincent.
^ Fox, W. (1910). "Claude-François-Dorothée de Jouffroy". The Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Retrieved 2023-03-24 – via New Advent.
^ "Copley Medal - British scientific award". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 10 May 2018.
^ Constantin von Wurzbach, ed. (1874). BLKÖ:Rusconi, Maurus (in German). Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich – via Wikisource. [scan ]
^ "Johann Gaspar Spurzheim (1776-1832)". data.bnf.fr. Retrieved 10 May 2018.
^ Mariss, Anne (2015). "A world of new things": Praktiken der Naturgeschichte bei Johann Reinhold Forster (in German). Campus Verlag. p. 212. ISBN 9783593504773.